NEWEvery dump trailer we carry rated around 10,000 lb GVWR, with what that capacity actually carries once the trailer's own weight comes off it.
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NEWA 10,000 lb GVWR sits at the point where a dump trailer stops being a big utility trailer and starts being equipment. Empty weight is typically 2,800 to 3,400 lb, leaving roughly 6,600 to 7,200 lb of payload. That is about three cubic yards of soil or a bit over two of wet aggregate.
It is the size most landscapers settle on because it clears a full day's spoil in one trip while still towing behind a three-quarter-ton truck. Many units in this class are rated 9,990 lb rather than a round 10,000, which is a deliberate choice by manufacturers to stay under registration and licensing thresholds that begin at 10,001 lb in a number of states.
A three-quarter-ton is the sensible minimum once loaded. A half-ton may be rated for the tow but will usually run out of payload on tongue weight first, which is around 1,200 lb at the top of this range.
If a trailer is rated 9,990 and another is rated 10,400, they are not the same purchase. Check your own state's threshold before assuming the heavier one is simply better.